Dry Skin
Dry skin can occur as a symptom of a particular skin condition, the skin may also appear red, scaly and itchy. It is extremely common in people who suffer from eczema and dermatitis. Emollients used to prevent dry skin can also protect the skin and regular use can help reduce the frequency and severity of flare ups.
The severity of eczema varies; in mild forms there may be small areas of skin that are dry and itchy. In more severe cases, a larger area of skin may be affected, causing constant itching and oozing fluid. Constant scratching can also cause the skin to split, leaving it prone to infection.
There are several types of eczema, the main ones being atopic eczema, allergic contact dermatitis and irritant dermatitis.
Causes of dry skin
Healthy skin is kept soft and supple by producing its own moisturising oils and by its ability to hold moisture. This process tends to slow as we get older. Genetics also plays a role. If you have relatives who suffer from dry skin, you may be more likely to develop the condition. Other causes of dry skin include:
- Extreme weather conditions
- Frequent, prolonged or excessive contact with water
- Frequent, prolonged or excessive contact with detergents such as soap and washing up liquid
- A decrease in sweat production
- Excessive sunbathing
- Allergic reaction to an irritant e.g. jewellery or perfume
Treatment of dry skin
A wide variety of products are available over the counter to treat dry skin. Emollients and moisturisers should be used regularly to moisten the skin adequately. Ointments are generally preferable to creams if the greasiness can be tolerated, as they are suitable for very dry skin. Bath emollients and creams should be used in combination to maximise results.
Where dry skin is caused by an allergic reaction, it is best to avoid the irritant. Products that are dermatologically tested or labelled 'hypoallergenic' are also recommended.
Atopic Eczema
Atopic Eczema is the most common type of childhood eczema and is linked with hay fever and asthma. The tendency to develop atopic eczema is inherited but it is strongly influenced by environmental factors. Atopic means extra sensitivity to substances that cause an allergy (allergens). The most common allergens are house mites, pollen, cat/dog fur and sometimes foodstuff. The areas commonly affected include skin creases such as the fronts of elbows and wrists and back of knees. However, any area of the skin may be affected. Babies are more likely to develop eczema on their face which can be extremely uncomfortable.
Allergic contact dermatitis
This type of eczema develops when the body's immune system reacts against a substance in contact with the skin. The allergic reaction often develops over a period of time through repeated contact with the substance. For example, an allergic reaction may occur to nickel, which is often found in earrings, belt buckles etc. In order to prevent repeated reactions it is best to avoid contact with anything that you know causes a rash.
Prevention of dry skin and eczema
Some useful tips to contact the skin include:
- Avoid soap, use fragrance free cleansers
- Take showers or short, cool baths instead of long, hot baths
- Dab skin dry – don't rub
- Apply a moisturiser while skin is still damp
- Air your home and turn down the heating
- Wear light clothes made of cotton
- Wash clothes in non-biological washing powders
- Wear gloves when washing up
- Keep children's nails clean and short. Cotton mittens can be helpful at night to prevent scratching
- It's best to avoid sunbathing and always use a high factor sun screen
Available Products on LifePharmacy Online
Lifepharmacy.co.uk offer many products to help with dry skin. Please click on the link below for more information on the products we offer.